Imagerie pour la biologie et la santé (IBS)

Imagerie optique plein champ d'un explant de rétine de souris

Responsable

Emmanuel FORT

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 35

Co-responsable

Ignacio IZEDDIN

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 75

Membres permanents

Michael ATLAN

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 36

Pedro BARAÇAL DE MECÊ

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 51

Claude BOCCARA

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 44

Maïmouna BOCOUM

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 76

Clément CABRIEL

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 59

Bruce DENBY

Emmanuel FORT

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 35

Ros-Kiri ING

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 41

Ignacio IZEDDIN

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 75

Viacheslav MAZLIN

François RAMAZ

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 47

Olivier THOUVENIN

Tél. : 01 80 96 30 51

Actualités

Time-reversal lens and phase conjugation with an active spatiotemporal interface [Invited] Wildeman, S., A. Eddi, and E. Fort Optical Materials Express 16, no. 10, 3231-3239 (2026) Résumé: Active spatiotemporal interfaces enable wave control through frequency conversion, phase conjugation, and negative refraction. Thin time-modulated interfaces have been predicted to act as flat time-reversal lenses, forming phase-conjugated images on the far side of the interface, yet experiments have mostly addressed phase conjugation or negative refraction in simple beam geometries rather than imaging. Here we realize a flat time-reversal lens for water waves using a subwavelength electrostrictive interface that induces up to a twofold local change in wave velocity. We demonstrate diffraction-limited image formation with a focal spot of half the source wavelength, tunable imaging at complementary frequencies, and control of object-image relations using curved interfaces.
A floating body with no preferred orientation: An experimental realization Pontiggia, L., A. Campaniello, and E. Fort American Journal of Physics 94, no. 10, 853-858 (2026) Résumé: Editor's Note: Few students will be surprised to hear that a buoyant sphere can float in any orientation. What might astonish them is the fact that there are other shapes that can float with no preferred orientation! Teachers covering buoyancy will appreciate this striking demonstration and simple tabletop experiment: a heart-shaped object that can settle at any angle.
The Organization of Choroidal Arteries in Normal Eyes Barre, A., C. Legall, C. Chaumette, D. C. Farias, S. Mrejen, L. Puyo, M. Atlan, and M. Paques Ophthalmology Science 6, no. 9 (2026) Résumé: Objective: To determine the organization of normal human choroidal arteries using a combination of laser Doppler holography (LDH) and OCT. Design: Cross-sectional clinical study. Subjects: One hundred thirty-two eyes of 74 healthy subjects. Methods: By combining images from a prototypic LDH system and from OCT, we documented the 3-dimensional disposition of choroidal arteries from their emergence from ciliary arteries to precapillary arterioles. Main Outcome Measures: Distribution, diameters, and pathways of choroidal arteries. Results: A notable intereye variability in the disposition of arteries was found, in which dominant patterns were identified. A short ciliary artery emerging within 1000 μm from the fovea was identified in 63% of eyes, giving rise to a horizontal submacular artery (SMA; mean diameter 119.7 ± 24.9 μm) oriented temporally. The detection rate of an SMA was inversely correlated with choroidal thickness, that is, SMAs were more often identified in thinner choroids. Among cases with a detectable SMA, its diameter positively correlated with choroidal thickness (P < 0.003). Long posterior ciliary arteries were identified in 43% of eyes and emerged at a mean distance of 4820 ± 1567 μm temporal to the fovea (mean diameter 115 ± 41 μm). Paraoptic arteries radiated from the margins of the optic nerve head, some of which perfused the macula. Disseminated axially oriented arterioles perfusing precapillary arterioles were detected from first-order arteries. Conclusions: Using a combination of LDH and OCT in healthy eyes, we identified recurrent organizational patterns of choroidal arteries in normal eyes, including SMAs, long posterior ciliary arteries, paraoptic arteries, and precapillary complexes. Characterizing the physiologic variants of the disposition of choroidal arteries helps to provide a reference framework that will enable the identification of disease-related changes. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
Generation of retinitis pigmentosa patient-derived hiPSC lines (IDVi007-A, IDVi007-B) carrying the RHO c.68C > A variant (p.P23H) and CRISPR/Cas9-corrected isogenic hiPSC lines (IDVi007-A-1, IDVi007-A-2, IDVi007-A-3) Clémençon, M., J. Brogard, M. Rozen, C. Hourton, R. Meléndez García, S. Bigou, S. H. Tsang, O. Thouvenin, K. Grieve, and S. Reichman Stem Cell Research 95, 104042 (2026) Résumé: The p.Pro23His (c.68C > A; P23H) mutation leads to autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). Here, we reprogrammed adRP patient fibroblasts in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using Sendai virus. We then generated two mutated hiPSC clones and three isogenic controls using CRISPR/Cas9. All five hiPSC lines express pluripotency genes and are able to differentiate into the three germ layers as well as retinal organoids. Altogether, these hiPSCs constitute unique biological tools to elucidate mechanisms of adRP linked to the RHO-P23H mutation.

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Présentation du thème

Le thème IBS étudie les processus et tissus biologiques de l’échelle nanoscopique à macroscopique. Via l’étude approfondie de l’interaction entre différentes ondes et la matière biologique, de nouvelles méthodes d’imagerie non conventionnelles sont développées. L’imagerie de super-résolution permettant de sonder l’organisation de la matière à l’échelle de la molécule individuelle et de comprendre le transport de ces molécules dans l’environnement de la cellule et en particulier dans le noyau. L’équipe imagerie optique plein champ s’intéresse à l’organisation des tissus biologiques par des techniques de microscopie interférométrique sans marquage, et permettant d’étudier la viabilité des cellules et tissus d’un organisme via le suivi des organelles cellulaires, pour des applications tant de biologie fondamentale que de diagnostic médical in vivo. L’équipe imagerie Doppler holographique de la rétine est spécialisée dans la quantification des flux sanguins dans la rétine de patients humains. Néanmoins, les approches optiques présentées jusqu’à là sont limitées à des faibles profondeurs de pénétration dans le corps humain (en dehors de l’œil transparent). Afin de pouvoir sonder les tissus biologiques plus en profondeur, il devient nécessaire d’utiliser d’autres types d’ondes, en particulier les ondes acoustiques. L’imagerie acousto-optique permet d’obtenir des images de tissus avec un contraste optique à plusieurs millimètres de profondeur en marquant les photons multiplement diffusés grâce aux ondes acoustiques. Finalement, l’utilisation d’ondes acoustiques permet à l’équipe Mouvements de surface de cartographier les déformations vibratoires du thorax sans contact et de manière non invasive.

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